Painrelated anxiety plays a significant role in pain and. Mccracken lm, dhingra l 2002 a short version of the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass 20. The role of avoidance, pacing, and other activity patterns. The multidimensional pain anxiety symptom scale pass is one of the. Dhingra, 2002 used in this study was a 20item version based on the original scale mccracken et. The pass 20 is a shortened version of the pass mccracken et al. The pass is a wellestablished and psychometrically. Painrelated anxiety as a mediator of the effects of. Emotional and cognitive symptoms toolkit brown university. Factor structure and psychometric properties of the chinese version of the 20 item pain anxiety symptoms scale chpass 20. The short form of the pass is a 20item selfreport scale. Pdf psychometric evaluation of the pain anxiety symptoms scale.
This study aimed to evaluate processes from the mutual maintenance model in relation to daily functioning in patients with both chronic pain and a history of a traumatic experience. To do so, the attentional performance of a cohort of 52 patients with chronic pain was measured through the use of a modified dotprobe task. It is comprised of 20 questions reflecting four facets of pain related anxiety. Both of these measures have been used frequently in published studies, including studies of individuals with chronic pain. The present article describes the initial development and validation of the pass 20, a short form version of the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass. The short form of the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass. Factor structure and psychometric properties of the chinese. The 20item pain anxiety symptoms scalepass20 24 is a likerttype measure.
Assessing anxiety and depression with the personality. The impact of cognitive anxiety and the rating of pain on. A recently developed shortened version of the pass, the pass 20, was also investigated. Preliminary development and validity lance m mccracken phd1, lara dhingra ba2 1pain management unit, royal national hospital for rheumatic disease and university of bath, united kingdom. Oct 02, 2016 means and standard deviations for the revised, shortened pain anxiety symptoms scale subscales and the total score n282 patients with chronic pain subscale mean sd cognitive items 1 to 5 12.
Mccracken lm, dhingra l 2002 a short version of the pain. Items were selected for the short version based on item variance, item intercorrelation and reliability analyses. A prospective analysis of acceptance of pain and values. Since a shortened 20 item version of pain anxiety symptoms scale pass was established in 2002, the pass has been reported to have convincing reliability and construct validity in canada, america, dutch german, korea, and hong kong.
Objective to develop, and provide initial validation of, a 20 item child pain anxiety symptoms scale cpass, a modified version of the adult 20 item pain anxiety symptoms scale. Effective measurement tools have formed the foundation for studying these relations. The pain anxiety symptoms scale 20 pass 20 40 is a 20 item measure of pain related anxiety, consisting of 4 components ie, cognitive anxiety, escapeavoidance behaviors, fear of pain, and physiological symptoms of anxiety. Psychometric properties of a korean version of the pain anxiety symptoms scale 20 in chronic pain patients by sungkun cho, sunmi lee, lance m. Each item is measured by a 6point likert scale ranging from 0 never to 5 always. Consistent with conceptualizations of anxiety as occurring within three response modes, this paper introduces an instrument to measure fear of pain across cognitive, overt behavioral, and physiological domains. Anxious responses to pain may lead to avoidance of behavior expected to produce pain. The pain anxiety symptoms scale pass was administered to 104 consecutive referrals to a multidisciplinary pain clinic. Validated and widely used instruments in the psychological and ibs literature e. A short version of the pain anxiety symptoms scale downloads. Psychometric properties of an arabic pain anxiety symptoms scale.
This studys aim is therefore to analyse the impact of emotional variables anxiety and depression, the rating of pain, and age on vigilance processes in a sample of patients with chronic pain. Abstract background the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass20 consists of 20 items designed to assess four aspects of painrelated anxiety. Background the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass20 consists of 20 items designed to assess four aspects of painrelated anxiety. A total of 223 chinese patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain attending orthopedic specialist clinics completed the chpass 20, the chronic pain grade questionnaire, the chinese version of the 11 item tampa scale of kinesiophobia, the hospital anxiety and depression scale, and questions assessing sociodemographic and pain characteristics. The pass yields four internally consistent subscales assessing cognitive anxiety symptoms, avoidance, fearful appraisals of pain, and physiologic anxiety symptoms related to pain. The mechanism illustrated the structural relations for daily functioning among pain intensity, hyperarousal, reexperiencing, trauma avoidance, and pain avoidance. The pain anxiety symptoms scale pass20 consists of 20 items designed to assess four aspects of painrelated anxiety. Factor structure and psychometric properties of the. This study examined psychometric properties of the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass, a measure of pain related fear. Psychometric evaluation of the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass in chronic pain patients. Like the original inventory, the pass 20 measures fear and anxiety responses specific to pain. Item reduction appears to result in minimal shrinkage of validity correlations. The goals of the current study were to 1 adapt the pass 20 for use in children as young as 8 years of age cpass and 2 evaluate the psychometric properties of.
The pain anxiety symptoms scale fails to discriminate pain or anxiety in a chronic disabling occupational musculoskeletal disorder population. Please rate each item in terms of frequency, from 0 never to 5 always. Multimethod assessment of treatment process in chronic low back pain. N2 the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass20 consists of 20 items designed to assess four aspects of painrelated anxiety. Validations and psychological properties of a simplified. Painrelated anxiety as a mediator of the effects of mindfulness on.
They were designed for clinical and research purposes and mostly for use with adults with recurrent or chronic pain conditions. Jan 25, 2010 the instrument is a valid and reliable measure of anxiety symptoms in pain populations mccracken et al. Fear of pain has been implicated in the development and maintenance of chronic pain behavior. Psychometric evaluation of the pain anxiety symptoms scale. A prospective analysis of acceptance of pain and valuesbased. Pain anxiety symptoms scale pass the pass mccracken et al. Dr lance m mccracken, pain management unit, royal national hospital for. Participants completed a background information questionnaire to assess age, sex, marital status, education, financial compensation status, date of present injury, history of surgery, and course of pain. Of medical psychology and medical sociology, ruhruniversity of bochum, germany. May 14, 2018 pain anxiety symptoms scale short scale pass 20. The instrument is a valid and reliable measure of anxiety symptoms in pain populations mccracken et al. Pain related anxiety was assessed with the pain anxiety symptom scale 20 pass 20, which is a shortened version of pass. Pain anxiety symptom scale the pass20 is a shortened version of the pass mccracken et al.
Efforts to validate the scale, however, have been confined mostly to examining associations between the pass and other selfreport instruments. Libya introduction psychosocial factors such as fear of pain, catastrophizing, depression, and anxiety are determinants of differences in pain responses. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the. Higher total scores represent greater painrelated anxiety. The pass 20 items are scored on a 6point likert scale and assess cognitive, escapeavoidance, fear, and physiological anxiety dimensions.
Jun 01, 2012 read factor structure and psychometric properties of the chinese version of the 20 item pain anxiety symptoms scale chpass 20, journal of pain and symptom management on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. A total score and two subscale scores can be calculated. Pdf a short version of the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass20. A short version of the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass20 ncbi. Mccracken and dhingra, 2002 used in this study was a 20item version based on the original scale mccracken et al. Interoceptive exposure as a treatment option for disabling. Research has shown significant relations between fear and avoidance of pain and the suffering and disability of chronic pain. Sep 11, 2014 mccracken lm, dhingra l 2002 a short version of the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass 20. Psychometric properties of an arabic pain anxiety symptoms. Regardless of the scale or subscale name, all of them assess both fear and anxiety, as disentangling those constructs for measurement is extraordinarily dif. Factor structure and psychometric properties of the pain. Means and standard deviations for the revised, shortened pain anxiety symptoms scale subscales and the total score n282 patients with chronic pain subscale mean sd cognitive items 1 to 5 12.
Pdf the spanish version of the pain anxiety symptoms scale. A short version of the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass20. A short version of the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass. The pain anxiety symptoms scale20 pass2040 is a 20item measure of painrelated anxiety, consisting of 4 components ie. N2 the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass 20 consists of 20 items designed to assess four aspects of pain related anxiety. Development and preliminary validation of the child pain. Each item is rated on a 6point scale ranging from 0 never to 5 always. Cognitive anxiety, fear, escapeavoidance, and physiological anxiety. Pain anxiety symptoms scale pass and short version pass20. Psychometric properties were evaluated by adjusted wind criteria. Psychometric properties of a korean version of the pain. The present study reports the preliminary validation of the cpass an adapted version of the adult 20 item pain anxiety symptoms scale pass 20.
Although the pass20 is a wellestablished measure of painrelated anxiety in western samples, different cultures. Jun 14, 2004 validated and widely used instruments in the psychological and ibs literature e. The pain anxiety symptoms scale pass20 nina kreddig1, dirk hallner1, sabine held1, ralph wittenberg. Methods a community sample of children and adolescents n 959 aged 818 years completed the cpass and measures of pain catastrophizing, anxiety sensitivity, and general anxiety. Pain anxiety symptom scale short form 20 exchange cme. The pass was designed to assess four pain constructs that include fear of pain, cognitive anxiety, escapeavoidance behaviours, and physiological symptoms of anxiety. The pass 20 is the short form version of the pain anxiety symptoms scale, a selfreport measure of pain related fear. This suggests that the underlying latent constructs, and hence the components of pain anxiety measured by the pass 20, are robust for these chinese, u. The goals of the current study were to 1 adapt the pass 20 for use in children as young as 8 years of age cpass and. The pass includes 40 items distributed across four subscales measuring pain related anxiety symptoms cognitive and physiological, escape and avoidance behaviors, and pain related fears mccracken. Pain related anxiety has been shown to be an important predictor of pain and function in patients with chronic pain as measured by the pain anxiety symptoms scale pass mccracken et al.
1024 53 1260 469 1497 177 1223 870 524 567 702 1028 87 9 787 1447 164 1052 585 568 829 869 1294 927 456 1523 197 4 1424 346 716 726 1393 866 973 933